Loom



June 16, 1925.

1,541,959 J. H. HOWARTH LOOM Filed Dec. 30, 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet l J. H.HOWARTH LOOM 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed DSC. 50, 1924 June 16, 1925.1,541,959

J. H. HOWARTH LOOM Filed Dec, 50, 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented June16, 1925.

UNITED sra'rss PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN HENRY HOWARTH, OF LANETT, ALABAMA, ASSIGNOR T0 WEST POINT MANU-FACTURING C0., 0F LANGDALE, ALABAMA, A CORPORATION OF ALABAMA.

Loom.

Application filed December 30, 1924. Serial No. 758,821.

To all whom t may conce/wn: l

lie it known that JOHN HENRY HowARrH, a citizen of 'the United States,residing at Lanett, in the county of Chambers and State of Alabama, hasinvented new and useful Improvements in Looms, of which the following isa specification.

The present invention relates to looms, and more particularly to loomsfor weaving fabric having two series of 'tubular sections, the twoseries being divided by a longitudinal section of different weave, andthe individual sections of each series being connected by transversestrips of fabric of a different weave, for the production of ha s. Eachsection of each series constitutes tie body of a bag, the bottom ofwhich is formed by the intervening strip between the two series. and thesides being formed by the transverse strips intervening between theindividual sections.

The side edges of the fabric are left open to form the bag mouths andthe separating cuts may be made through the center of the longitudinalcentral strip between the two series of sections and through thetransverse strips between cach tubular section.

Looms of this general character are known as bag looms and are wellknown in the art, the type of loom being illustrated in the patent toMichael, 953,622, Mar. 29, 1910. Finch looms, however, are adapted toweave only a single series of tubular bag sections, united by transversestrips of different weave which form the bag bottoms. rlhe presentinvention is an improvement upon such looms as are shown in the patentreferred to, in that it materially increases Ithe capacity of the loomby enabling the production in one weaving 'operation of two series oftubular bag sections.

An object of the invention is to provide for the weaving of doubleseries, an ordinaryv bag loom7 as distinguished from a loom providedwith a dobby o1' jacquard with which may be produced a similar fabric.

A further object fof the invention is to provide in a bag loom improvedmeans which is simple and positive in operation for automatically andquickly controlling the harness operating mechanism or cams so that Vthetransverse or bag side strips may be regi'ilarly formed in proper width.

The above and iother objects of the inven- Figure 1 is a left sideelevation of a porft" tion of the loom.

Figure 2 is a partial plan with some of the parts in section.

Figure 3 is a cross sectional View of one of the harness treaclles,showing the meansjli thereon for engaging the change cam.

Figure 4 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the weave, takensubstantially on the line lf-4 of Figure 5.

Figure 5 is a diagrammatic view of the fabric formed by the loom.

Figure 6 is a diagrammatic longitudinal section on the line @#6 ofFigure 5, and

Figure 7 is a diagrammatic transverse section on the line T#7 of Figure5.

Looms of this character are ordinarily provided with a single set offour harnesses, which, by means of suitable cam connections, are given a3 up, 1 down and 1 up, 3 down motion to form the tubular fabric, and anauxiliary cam is thrown into operation at the proper time to change theregular sequence or cycle of the harness movement and etiect weaving ofthe transverse fabric strips which separate the tubular bag sections. lnsuch looms, the side edges of the tubular fabric :1re ordinarily closedto form the bag sides.

lith the loom of the present application, however, the bag sides nreformed by vthe transverse strips and the edges of the fabric in thetubular sections are left open to form the bag mouths. The bottoms ofthe bags are defined by a longitudinal strip k.. my

ill)

which separates the two series of tubular bag sections.

or this purpose, the loom is provided with two independent sets ofharness, arranged side by side, and operated by independent mechanism,preferahly two series of cams. Each set of cams includes a change cam toeffect the weaving of the transverse strips which separate the bagsections of each series. The weaving of the longitudinai central stripwhich separates the two series of bag sections and forms the bag bottomsis caused by proper movement of the harnesses from the cams to forn theshed.

In the operation of the loom, it is desirable I'to shift the two changeearns simulta- (iii neously, in order that the transverse or dividingstrips in the two series of bag sections will be aligned. For thispurpose, a common cam shifting mechanism is utilized, and the samepreferably comprises, broadly, a device or chain having a patternsurface and given a step by step movement during operation of the loom,preferably by the lay. Shifting mechanism is adapted to engage thepattern surface. and at predetermined points in the i'novement thereofis actuated to shift the change cams for the two sets of harnesses.

Referring' to Figures 6 and 7. there is shown the bag fabric which theloom is adapted to produce. 'l'he same comprises two longitudinal seriesof tulmlar bag sections divided b v a central strip 10, which forms thebag bottoms. The edges of the fabric are open. as indicated at 11(Figure 7), and the individual` sections of each series are separated bytransverse strips 12 of different weave. these strips forming the sidesof the bags. rlhe two series of bag sections may be separated throughthe center of the strip after the weaving operation and while the fabricis still in the loom, by suitable cutting mechanism, and the individualbag sections of each series may be separated by cutting centrallythrough the transverse strips 12.

Referring now to the mechanism for weaving this fabric. there isillustrated in the drawings as much of the loom mechanism as constitutesa departure from bag looms heretofore known. To illustrate theapplication of the novel mechanism of this type of loom, there isconventially shown a loom side frame 13, in which is mounted the rockshaft 14 carrying the lay 15 including its sword 16. The harnesses arearranged side by side in two sets of four harnesses each. Harnesses 17.18, 19 and 2t) constitute one set. and the other set is indicated by thereference characters 17. 1S. 19 and 20. The two sets of harnesses areslightly spaced apart. as indicated in Figure 2, and are actuatedthrough connecting straps 21 and treadles 22. 23, 24 and 25 fulcrumed at26 upon the loom frame and engaged by suitable cams. A jack shaft 27,which may be driven through a gear 28 in any suitable manner from theloom drive shaft, carries a series of cams 29, 30, 31 and 32, whichserve to actuate treadles for the harnesses 17, 18. 19 and 20. andimpart thereto the normal cycle of operations. The series includes achange cam 32 slidable longitudinally of the jack shaft 27 carried byframe bars 13, and having a pin 34 adapted to tit into an opening 35 inthe cam 32, so as to rotate therewith. This change cam, it Will beunderstood. is normally in the position shown in Figure 3. but when the`transverse strips 12 of the fabric are to be... Woven it is shifted, bymechanism later to be described, into locking engagement with the cam 32in order to change the normal cycle of operation of the harnesses fromthe and 1 movement to a 2 up and 2 down move,- ment', thus breaking upthe tubular or bag weave and making a plain weave. The change cam 311when interlociied with the cam 32 for rotation therewith engages araised portion 36 (Figure 3) laterally ot'tset from and carried by thetreadle 25, the treadle having a roller 25 (Figure 3) for engagementwith the cam 32.

It. is thought thatr no further description of this detail is necessarysince the construction is fully described in the patent to Nfichael,above referred to.

A second jack shaft 37 is mounted upon the frame bars 13, and is drivenin unison with the shaft 37 through gear 38 from the loom drive shaft bymechanism (not shown). The jack shaft 37 carries a series of cams 39,40, 41 and 42. which impart. to the harnesses 17', 18. 19 and 20 theirnormal cycle of operation. which is the $1 and 1 movement. A change cam43 has a pin 4t adapted to tit into a socket 45 in the cam 42. so thatthe change cam may be interlocked therewith when shifted laterally tochange the cycle of harness operation. It will be understood that thetreadle 25 is formed, as shown in Figure 3, in the same manner astreadle 25 of the. other harness series. for engagement with the changecam 45%.

The two change cams are intermittently operated simultaneously` and themechanism for moving them will now be described. lWounted upon the loomframe is a suitable device. such as the chain 46, the pattern surface ofwhich is provided with raised portions 47. The chain traverses a loosepulley 48 mounted upon ay stud 49 on the frame, and at its other endextends over an actuaiing sprocket wheel 50 positioned upon the shaft51. which is mounted in a bracket 52 and carries upon the inside of theframe a ratchet. wheel 551. The pattern device of chain 46 is given astep by step movement, preferably from the lay. For this purpose, a pawl54 is loosely carried at the end of a pawl bar 55 mounted at its lowerend upon the lay sword 16. adjacent the rock shaft 14. A collar 56surrounds the sword and has an outwardly extending arm 57 which carriesa pivot stud 58 for the pawl bar 55. The bar 55 adjacent its upper endhas a guide slot 59. into which projects a. guide pin 60 upon theframe.. and it will be understood that as the lay moves. the bar 55 isactuated to impart to the ratchet wheel a clockwise movement. as viewedin Figure 1, in the direction of the arrow. (lounterclockwisel movementis prevented by means of a trip 6l pivoted upon the frame and inengagement with the ratchet wheel.

As the chain is moved in the direction Qt the arrow (liswe 1), thepattern preieetione 47 thereon are carried past a laterally projectingarm 6 3 on a. depending lever 64;, which is freely fulcrumed on theouter end oit the ratchet Wheel. shaft 51. Vi7hen the projections47'engage the arm 63, they tend to move the lever to the left, as viewedin ligure l, and retain the saine in such position until all of theprojections have travelled past the arm 63. Such movement of the leverserves to shift the change cams 'to operative position through a.connecting rod 65, which, at one end y6.6, is forked and connected tothe lever 6,4. It will be noted that the series ofopenings 64 entendstowardy its fulcruni sothat the throyv iinpinted tothe connecting rodn'iay vali'ied. The connectingl rod is secured at G7 vto a bell crank`68 mounted Inpon the fren'ie and secnredto a reciprocatpry rod 69,which has bearinfs 'in the yt'ranieend carries forked shit'ing arms 71,extending laterally and engaging the change can] hubs 72. Thereeiprocatory rod G9 is formed in two sections, ivhich are yieldinglyunited by spring 7.3, and the rod is normnllyl held in the positionyshown in Figure2 by means of a spring` 74b abnttingthe bearing 7,0 atone and a collar 75 at'its other end, the ,collar A being adjustablelongitudinally/'of the rod @gto vary the tension of the spring. Theyielding connection y73 permits the parts to give, should the pins 34,.44 upon the change 'i cams be slightly out of alignment with theirrespective sockets when the cams are first shiftedby the pattern chain7and thns .danser et breakage bf y@my of the rette is weidt will lee'understood tletthe .tension of the return 'Sr-ring ,74 .maybe varied byediustnient of the collar 75 so that lits resistance rwill beproportioned that of spring 73 and it will not interfere. with propershitto the change Canis by causing ,thez spring 73 to yield when thechangecani pins Aand their sockets are properly 'alignedfl It =will beobserved that the mechanislnl for 4(shifting: the lcalins ,actssinniltaneously upon' Vthe kchange cams of both se 1'ies,'an l is quiclrand positive in operation. The spring 74 will innnedintely yreturn therca-insito inoperativeposition as soon as thepattern surportion whichrnay be ont at 77 between the warp 76 to separate th tivo series of bagsections. This selvage portion lcomprises relatively teuf vfarpthreads'and is caused,

as Will'be understood, the slight spacing f fabric is formed into upperand lower plies 78l and 79, and by following the course ofthevrespective iva-rp threads (Figure Ll) it will be noted that the secondpick and the fourth pick 80 remain in the lower and upper plies,respectively. The rst pick 81 at'opfposite sides of' the center strip 10is in di erent plies and the third pick crosses from one ply to theother on opposite sides of the strip lO. 'lllhe first pick 81 kcrossesto the upper ply on the left hand side, although it is in the under plyon the right hand side. In the same Way, the third picl whichispositioned in the upper ply on the Aright hand side of the fabric Figure4;) passes to the under ply on the left lia-nd side. This crossing ofthe Weave produces ,the fabric illnstrated diagrammatically in Figures5, 6 and 7.

`it should .be understood that no claim is mede herein to the fabric,the same being covered by my copendinfv divisional'application SerialNo. 27,827, led May 7l, 1925.

Obviously, numerous changes may be made in ,the structure illustratedand described without departing from the inifention vsihich is definedyin thefollowing claims i I 1- Inf a bag ,leem7 Shed forming .Ineensadapte/'d10 Weave a unitary tubular fabric ineliidips tv@ independentsite .0f Yherne/esealn's', (two independent sets of lnirnesses spacedtransyersely of the loom and operated respectively by said sets ofc'ams,and suit- Ineens adapted to interrupt 'the iveaying of tubular fabricand canse the weaving of intervening sectionsof dili'e'rent Weave.

2. InV a bag'loom, shed forming means ndapted to Weave a unitary fabricincluding` tiyo independent sets o-f'harness- Canis, tvvo independentsets yot harnesses spaced transversely of the loom and opera-,ted'respectively by said sets of cams, and shiftable means adapted tosimultaneously interrupt the Weaving of tubular fabric by each set ofcams yand harnesses and to cause the weavingr of interyenin'g sectionso' difier- ,ent- Weave. i i

3.111 a bag loom, shed forming means adapted to yveave a unitary tubularfabric including two independent sets ot harnesscams spaced transverselyof ythe loom, two Sets of harnesses spaced transversely of the i andOperated independently by" Seid .Sets

.ef @eres eed eueinete 'ree-enel .for periedcally oper-,ating (steldSets ef @eine slmiilte- .z -i :5 TMP nel neously to interrupt theweaving of tubular fabric and cause the weaving of intervening sectionsof diffe-rent weave.

4. In a bag loom, shed forming means adapted to weave a unitary tubularfabric including twor independent sets of harnesscams spacedtransversely of the loom, two sets of harnesses aligned and spacedtran-sversely of the loom and operated independently by said sets ofcams, and automatic means for periodically operating said sets of camssimultaneously to interrupt the weaving of tubular fabric and cause theweaving of intervening sections of different weave.

5. In a bag loom, shed forming mechanism to effect the weaving of aunitary tubular fabric and 'intervening connecting sections of differentweave including two independent se of harnesses spaced transversely ofthe loom, two independent sets of harnesscams each including a changecam, and means for simultaneously shifting the change cam of each setinto and out of operative position, said means comprising a rodextending across the loom, means for connecting the rod to the cams, apattern chain driven step by step, said chain having a pattern surface,and means connected with said rod and engageable by said surface toshift the cams intermittently.

6. In a bag loom, shed forming mechanism to effect the weaving of aunitary tubular fabric and intervening connectin sections of differentweave including two independent sets of harnesses spaced transversely ofthe loom, two independent sets of harness-cams each including a changecam, and means for simultaneously shifting the change cam of each setinto and out of operative position, andmeans comprising a rod extendingacross lthe loom, means for connecting the rod to the cam, a patternchain driven step by step from the lay, said chain having a patternsurface, and means connected with said rod and engageable by saidsurface to shift the cams intermittently.

7. Ina bag loom, shed forming mechanism to effect the weaving of aunitary tubular fabric and intervening connecting sections of differentweave including two independent setsof harnesses spaced transversely ofthe loom, two independent sets of harnesscams each including a changecam, and means for simultaneously shift-ing the change cam of each setinto and out of operative position, and means comprising a chain on theloom frame having a pattern surface, a ratchet wheel operativelyassociated with said chain pawl, means actuated bythe lay for rotatingsaid ratchet wheel step by step, and means engaging the pattern surfaceand adapted to shift said cams.v Y

8. In a bag loom, shed forming mechanism to effect weaving of a unitarytubular fabric and intervening sections of different weave including aset of harnesses, a set of harnesscams including a change cam, and meansfor shifting the change cam into and out of o-perative position, saidmeans comprising a pattern chain, a ratchet wheel operatively associatedwith said chain to drive the same, means to rotate said wheel step bystep directly from the lay, and means engageable by said chain to shiftthe cam intermittently.

9. In a bag loom, shed forming mechanism to effect weaving of a unitar'ytubular fabric and intervening sections of different weave including aset of harnesses, a set of harness-cams including a change cam, andmeans for shifting the change cam into and out of operative position,said means comprising a pattern chain, a ratchet wheel operativelyassociated with said chain to drive the same. means to rotate said wheelstep by step directly from the lay, means engageable by said chain toshift the cam intermittently, and yielding connections between said lastmentioned means and said cam.

10. In a bag loom shed forming means adaptedV to weave a unitary tubularfabric including two independent sets of harnesses arranged side byside, and means for independently operating said sets includingshiftable devices adapted to interrupt the weaving of tubular fabric andto cause the weaving of intervening sections of different weave.

11. In a bag loom, shed forming means adapted to weave a unitary fabrichaving tubular sections open at the edges of the fabric and arranged intwo parallel series spaced by a longitudinal intervening portion ofdifferent weave, comprising two independent sets of harnesses, and twosets of cams for independently operating said harnesses, said two setsof cams being substantially duplicates.

l2. In a bag loom, shed forming means adapted to weave a unitary fabrichaving tubular sections open at the edges of the fabric and arranged intwo parallel series spaced by a longitudinal intervening portion ofdifferent weave, comprising two independent sets of harnesses, and twosets of cams for independently operating said harnesses, said two setsof cams bein'g substantially duplicates and each including shiftablemeans adapted to interrupt the weaving of tubular fabric and to causethe weaving of transverse intervening sections of different weave.

13. In a bag loom, shed forming means adapted to weave a unitary fabrichaving tubularA sections open at the fabric edges and arranged in twoparallel series spaced by a longitudinal intervening portion ofdifferent weave, comprising two independent sets of harnesses and meansfor operating said sets independently adapted to cause the sets to Weavesubstantially duplicate bag sections side by side longitudinally of thefabric.

14. In a bag loom, shed forming means adapted to weave a unitary fabrichaving tubular sections open at the fabric edges and arranged in twoparellel series spaced by a longitudinal intervening portion ofdifferent weave, comprising two independent sets of harnesses, and meansfor operating said sets independently adapted to cause the sets to weavesubstantially duplicate bag sections side by side longitudinally of thefabric, said means including devices adapted to interrupt the weaving 0ftubular fabric and to cause the weaving of intervening sections ofdifferent Weave.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set 20 my hand.

JOHN HENRY HOWARTH.

